Tyler Bibb:

National Goals

     Leading up to the 1990's around the year 1988 and 1989, education was not taken that seriously. Something happened in 1989, where President George H. W. Bush, Governor Bill Clintion and Governor Carroll Campbell met in Charlotteville, Virginia to meet and decuss about educational goals. The following year Bush and the National Governors Association announced 6 education goals for the nation. Governor Clintion and Governor Campbell estavlish a National Education Goals Panel, which was made up of Governors and senior representatives that would monitor the nations progress ("Standards of Movement..."). The During the 1992 election, Bill Clinton made a case that if he was elected that he promises to be more effective "Education President". This was a huge factor in his winning. After He was elected the Clinton administration's plan was to start there on national goals, which was called "Goals 2000: Educate America Act". They adopted the 6 goals that Bush and the National Governors Association entroduce just a couple of years back and add 2 more that had to deal with parent participation and teacher education and professional development (Fig. 1). Goals 2000 was focused on the state and federal education poilcy, which mean that the goals are for the nation is to change from educational inputs and procedural accountability to educational outcomes and educational accountability. Goals 2000 wanted to make sure that all kids have access to high-quality educational programs. As the Goals 2000 was making its mark on the nation the improving of the America's Schools Act was taking place. This act wanted the state and local levels to start getting on the ball, and start meeting the national goals (Webb, 174-175).

  (Fig. 1) 

By the year 2000:
 1.  Every child will start school ready to learn.
 2.  The high school graduation rate will increase to at least
         90 percent.
 3.  American students will leave grades 4, 8, and 12 having 
            demonstrated competency over challenging subject matter 
            including english, mathematics, science, foreign languages, 
            civics and government, economics, art, history, and geography;
            and every school in America will ensure that all students learn
            to use their minds well, so they may be prepared for responsible
            citizenship, further learning, and productive employment in 
            our nation's modern economy.
 4.  The nation's teaching force will have access to programs for 
            the continued improvement of their professional skills needed to 
            instruct and prepare all American students for the next century. 
 5.  U.S. students will be first in the world in science and 
            mathematics achievement.
 6.  Every adult American will be literate and will possess the 
            knowledge and skills necessary to compete in a global economy 
            and exercise rights and responsibilities of citizenship.
 7.  Every school in the United States will be free of drugs, 
            violence, and the unauthorized presence of firearms and
            alcohol and will offer a disciplined environment conducive to 
            learning.
 8.  Every school will promote partnerships that will increase 
            parental involvement and participation in promoting the social, 
            emotional, and academic growth of children.   
 

Kyle Peters:

National Standards                                      

     In the 1990s, calls for school reform continued and standards and accountability became  the key words in promoting school reform. In many different states, there were ongoing  "curriculum wars". states and local districts faced many challenges in their efforts to establish challenging academic standards and accompanying assessment  systems. By the year  2000 academic standards were in place in 48 states and schools were expected to abide by  these standards.  The push for standards was accompanied by the enactment in almost every  state of so-called "high-stakes testing" that would  determine who would be promoted and  who would graduate from high school.  One example of high stakes testing is the FCAT that  takes place in Florida. Many people do not agree with testing like this because students  may have just had a bad day or English may not be there primary language. As the test was  started, several states experienced many problems associated with test  construction and,  with the high numbers of students who were being failed by the tests. Most students who  failed were from  low-income families and were minorities. Many of those who did not perform  well were students with limited English speaking abilities. In 1996 President Clinton was  reelected as well as record enrollments in public schools. School enrollments in the  Fall  of 1996 reached 51.7 million and grew to 53.2 million around the year 2000. They were  estimated to decrese to 50 million by 2014. The greatest increases would occurr in the South  as well as the West (Webb, 175).

• Here is a link that further explain National Standards

  http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2445/Standards-Movement-in-American-Education.html 

Tyler Bibb:

School Choice

     In the early 1990's the Goals 2000 was in conflict with the congress. Although the National goals were being made the parents were dissatisfied with the school systems and were demanding to have the choice to send their children to any school wanted. The main support for this movement is parents who really wanted this movement to happen. According to The Foundations of American Education, "Low-income and minority parents saw choice as a way to extend educational opportunities to students who historically had not had the resources to choose between public and private schools, or even among public schools." This means historically students have not done well in forced schooling and the grades would increase if the school or district is choosen (Webb,175-176).  There are other reasons that a parent would send there kids to a different school and according to William Bainbridge there was a problem is the public schools before the 90's and some of those problems are; declining test scores, increased disciplinary problems, and the advent of the drug culture (Bainbridge). Other reasons that a parent would choose to send their kids to a school of choice is for the smart reason and according to Chester Finn there are four reasons why Education choice is smart for America and heres a video that explains them;

Kyle Peters:

Here's Some FF's For you (FUN FACTS)

• In 1991 the Bush administration proposed the America 2000 Act. They proposed for national standards, national standardized testing, and involvment of researchers, business, and labor in curriculum development. The act was not passed, but funds for supporting voluntary national curriculum standards were authorized.

• Around 83.5 percent of the population had completed 4 years of high school in 1999 which was more than twice the number recorded in 1960.

• The standards movement in the 1990s led to the No Child Left Behind Act which provided assistance to disadvantaged students. Also during the 90's ridalin became the drug of choice for students with ADD/ADHD.  Studnets also were able to complete their education without ever going to their school's campus, through programs called distance education. During the 1990's the average teacher's income was $39,347.

Tyler Bibb's Works Cited

     Bainbridge, William. "From EducationNews.org - National School Numbers Show Growth, Diversity, Pluses & Minuses." School Information - Public School Reports - School Ratings - School Rankings - National. Web. 01 Mar. 2010.

     Finn Jr., Chester E. "Real Education Reform for the 1990's." The Heritage Foundation - Conservative Policy Research and Analysis. Web. 01 Mar. 2010.

     "Standards Movement in American Education - Governors Take the Initiative, Standards-Driven Reform Models, The Rise of the Standards Movwatch.htmlement." Education Encyclopedia - StateUniversity.com. Web. 28 Feb. 2010. <a href="http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2445/Standards-Movement-in-American Education.html">Standards Movement in American Education - Governors Take the Initiative, Standards-Driven Reform Models, The Rise of the Standards Movement</a>

     Webb, L. Dean. Foundations of American education. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Merrill Prentice Hall, 2010. Prin

Kyle Peter's Works Cited

     "Standards Movement in American Education - Governors Take the Initiative, Standards-Driven Reform Models, The Rise of the Standards Movwatch.htmlement." Education Encyclopedia - StateUniversity.com. Web. 28 Feb. 2010. <a href="http://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2445/Standards-Movement-in-American Education.html">Standards Movement in American Education - Governors Take the Initiative, Standards-Driven Reform Models, The Rise of the Standards Movement</a>

     Webb, L. Dean. Foundations of American education. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Merrill Prentice Hall, 2010. Print

     "American Cultural History - Decade 1991-1999." Lone Star College-Kingwood Library Home Page. Web. 01 Mar. 2010.